Witchcraft in Greenbrier County

 

Spencer State Hospital
Source: WV History on View

In June of 1937, a little old mountain woman made the trek from Greenbrier County to Charleston, WV. She came to see John Baker White, President of the Board of Control. She was on a mission; she had come to convince the Board of Control that her 57 year old brother, who was a patient at Spencer State Hospital, was not insane. Rather, he was bewitched.

The woman claimed that no less than four families, all with the powers of witchcraft, had used "little birds and dogs" as messengers to do their evil bidding against not just her brother, but her mother as well. These families allegedly wanted control over the bewitched family's farm in Frankford. 

To White's credit, he did order an investigation into the brother's confinement, and wrote to the Superintendent at Spencer State Hospital. However, it was deemed that the man in question wasn't bewitched. He was suffering from "abnormal imaginary ideas" and needed to stay hospitalized. 

Oddly, this wasn't the first time Spencer State Hospital dealt with a patient who blamed witchcraft on their ailments. Twenty years earlier, Crews/Cruse Hall, a farmer from Mercer County, was adjudged insane after claiming he, his farm animals, and even his farm equipment had been put under a spell by his neighbors. He had suffered similar delusions several years before, and sadly passed away from tuberculosis in 1919 at the hospital. You can read his story here: Bewitched Man Adjudged Insane

The Independent Herald (Hinton, WV)
09 June 1937

The Charleston Daily Mail
10 June 1937

Monster Bird Haunts Webster County

When the first reports of a monster terrorizing the area around Pt. Pleasant, WV started pouring in at the end of 1966, the sightings all had one thing in common. Not one witness ever described an actual...moth. The term Mothman was the invention of a newspaper reporter, taking inspiration from pop culture at the time. What people WERE describing was a bird. A very, very large, man-like bird. 

This wouldn't be the first time a giant bird would haunt the people of West Virginia. In February of 1895, Webster County would be the site of a rash of sightings, and even attacks, by what locals referred to as a giant eagle. 

The trouble began when Landy Junkins, the ten-year-old daughter of Dan Junkins of Bergoo mysteriously disappeared. Landy's mother had sent the young girl out one Friday around noon to visit the cabin of Joe Warnick. Landy was to walk the 1.5 miles from the Junkins cabin to the Warnick cabin to check on Mrs. Warnick, who had been ill. When she didn't return home by that evening, her father set out to look for her. Thinking perhaps she had stayed with the Warnicks, he went straight to their cabin, only to find that Landy never made it there. 

An intensive search began that evening and lasted all the next day. The only thing that was found of the girl were her tracks in the snow. Her tracks led off the trail and into a small clearing, where it became apparent that she circled around, rather frantically, before her tracks just disappeared. It was almost as if something had come down from the sky and carried her off....

That's exactly what people believed happened as in the following weeks, more and more reports of a giant bird were made public. Peter Swadley, a bear hunter, was out with his dog Gunner, hunting on Piney Ridge. Suddenly, a giant bird swooped down on him and attempted to lift him. The creature's sharp talons tore into his back and head, ripping his coat to shreds, and partially scalping him. The only thing that saved him was that his dog came running. The bird stopped attacking Swadley, and turned its attention to the dog, ripping it open before carrying it off. 

Swadley made it over a mile away to the cabin of Abe Kitsmiller, who brought him to town to treat his wounds. Despite a severe loss of blood and other injuries, Swadley recovered. His dog, however, was never seen again. 

In another incident, Deputy Sheriff Rube Nihiser and his son also had an encounter with the giant bird, and from a 'safe' distance away, were able to get a good description of the creature as it attacked a doe and her fawn. The Nihisers described the bird to have a wingspan of 15 to 18 feet and a body as big as a man. Its feathers were dark brown, with white on the wings. The eyes were large and shining. The sound it made was a terrible, shrill shriek.

Dogs, deer, and even sheep were not immune to the dangers of the giant bird. Hanse Hardrick kept a few sheep in a shed during the winter months. He locked the shed and headed into town, but upon his return, saw that someone or something had made a huge hole in the roof of the shed. Wool was caught around the edges of the hole and one of his sheep was missing. No tracks were observed anywhere near the shed or property, and the sheep was never found. Hardrick, believing a ghost, or 'harnt' as he called it, was to blame, covered the shed and property with small crosses made from hemlock boughs. 

But it wasn't a ghost. Ol' Pap Tammen, the oldest man in Webster County knew what it was. Many years before, TWO giant birds spent an entire winter terrorizing the countryside. It was believed that those two birds, as well as this one, made their den atop the isolated Snaggle Tooth Knob, an area inaccessible by man even in the best weather. It is unclear as to whether the creature of 1895 was one of the original two giant birds, their off-spring, or another altogether. 

Was the Mothman of Pt. Pleasant simply another one of these 'giant eagles,' or was the 'giant eagle' of Snaggle Tooth Knob actually an early visitation by the creature we now know as Mothman?

St. Louis Globe-Democrat
14 February 1895

The Flatwoods Monster: A Supernatural Scapegoat

Elk Creek: 2006 Clarksburg
Source: Wiki User Tim Kiser

April 8th, 1959, was a fairly average spring day here in West Virginia, but it was a busy one for two Clarksburg women. Juanite/Juanita Ferguson President of the Goff Plaza Garden Club in Clarksburg, while her married daughter, Mrs. Truman Sayre, belonged to the Briarcliff Garden Club in Beckley.

Mrs. Sayre was hosting a meeting at her home on Daniels Street, at which her mother was to give a presentation. Accompanying Juanite on the trip from Clarksburg to Beckley and back was her friend and fellow garden club member, Virginia Conley. The ladies wrapped up the meeting, and left Beckley at around 5:30pm in Juanite's green 1955 Buick. Juanite was speaking at an event at the Clarksburg City Hall the next day, and Virginia had a whole day of errands planned, so they needed to get back that evening. 

The trip between Beckley and Clarksburg was quite a bit longer in 1959 than it is today. Around 9pm, the ladies arrived at the Laurel Court motel near Sutton, where they stopped at the motel's cafe for coffee and a snack. Mrs. Ferguson actually knew the owner, Earl Marple. He chatted with the ladies a bit and confirmed they left around 9:30pm, on schedule to arrive in Clarksburg by 11:30pm. He noted that both were in good spirits and that the conversation was normal. 

But 11:30pm came and went and still the women hadn't made it home. It wasn't until 4:30am that Juanite's husband called Mrs. Sayre, asking if her mother and Virginia had decided to spend the night in Beckley. Mrs. Sayre told him that they had left the previous evening and should have been home by midnight. Immediately, she and her husband contacted the WV State Police in Beckley, while Mr. Ferguson contacted the WV State Police in Clarksburg. 

By 9:00am on Thursday, the official call went out over the police radio and law enforcement between Beckley and Clarksburg were on the lookout for the missing women. By that afternoon, local media was alerted. It quickly seemed that the two women were truly missing, and not just on an unplanned girls' trip. 

Unfortunately, the women remained missing for nearly two months. A massive search had taken place along the two most likely routes between Sutton and Clarksburg. The state and local police, the FBI, the National Guard, and scores of civilian volunteers searched nearly every square inch between the two cities, focusing on the 'Buckhannon Route,' which was the most popular way to enter the east side of Clarksburg where Mrs. Conley lived. Helicopters were sent out, and there was debate as to whether the Buffalo Reservoir should be drained. It was a mystery as to how two housewives in their 50s managed to completely disappear. 

The Flatwoods Monster
aka, Braxxie

And that's where the conspiracy theories come in. Talk about strange lights in the sky and flying saucers led some to believe that the idea of Juanite and Virginia being abducted by aliens or taken away by flying saucers was as likely an explanation as any other. One unnamed commentator was quick to point out that the women went missing in an area that was known seven years earlier as the site of one of the strangest UFO mysteries in the state. On September 12, 1952, a group of boys playing football observed what they thought may have been a small plane or meteor crash onto a nearby hillside. They, along with the mother of two of the boys, a family dog, and a teenage cousin/National Guard Member, went in search of the wreckage. What they found was a creature that would be forever known since as the Flatwoods Monster. 

There were similar encounters reported in the days following the initial encounter, both in Braxton County, and possibly even as far away as in Beckley and Wheeling. Many believed that a monster from outer space (or SEVERAL monsters) had crash-landed in the Mountain State. Could this monster still be lurking around the area, ready to grab unsuspecting motorists?

This wouldn't be the last time that the continued existence of the Flatwoods Monster in WV would be questioned. A few years later, a series of encounters with what we'd call a Bigfoot-type monster now was causing cars to stall, peeping in windows, and being a general menace. Without a proper understanding of the Bigfoot phenomenon, which was largely seen as a Pacific Northwest thing at the time, these sightings all fell under the category of 'The Flatwoods Monster.' You can read more about that in my article: A Braxton County Monster Wrap-Up. 

Blaming the Flatwoods Monster on the disappearance of Juanite Ferguson and Virginia Conley was hopefully a tongue-in-cheek commentary on the frustration that despite their efforts, law enforcement was nowhere near finding any answers. And in the end, it wouldn't be law enforcement who found the women.  On May 31, two hikers were out and saw part of a green car sticking out of Elk Creek, near Clarksburg. Inside were the badly decomposed bodies of the missing women. The car doors were locked, and the key was still in the ignition. It was theorized that Juanite may have fallen asleep and drove off the road.

But why had it been so difficult to find the vehicle, even after searchers covered this area? According to the state police, this was the least likely area where an accident of this nature could have happened. The women were on WV Rt. 20, only about six miles from Clarksburg. The Elk Creek only ran parallel to the road for around 75 feet in this stretch. When the Buick left the road, it managed to go between trees, leaving little to no damage or disturbance to indicate that a car had passed through. The car was only found when a run of dry weather left the creek's water level lower than normal. 

No foul play was suspected, and by all accounts, neither woman seemed like they were planning to take themselves out for any reason. The incident was chalked up to an accident, although there were questions as to whether Juanite dozed off or simply took the turn too wide in the dark. Either way, I think it's safe to assume that we cannot blame this on Braxxie. It was a tragedy that cut short the lives of two beloved members of the community, but due to a one-off remark in a local newspaper, their story will always be linked to central West Virginia's wildest monster tale.

*Quick note: Mrs. Ferguson's death certificate, as well as several other documents, record her first name as Juanite, with an 'e', not Juanita, as many newspaper articles call her. 

Sources and Further Reading:

Juanite Ferguson's Death Certificate
WV State Archives

Virginia Conley's Death Certificate
WV State Archives

The Raleigh Register
10 April 1959

The Raleigh Register
27 April 1959

Beckley Post-Herald
27 May 1959

The Raleigh Register
01 June 1959

A Clay County Ghost Story (1870)

Stock Photo of a Cabin 
with Flag Stone Chimney

I love a good 'debunking' story! In today's blog post, I'd like to share with you a ghost story from 1870 that wasn't exactly what it seemed. When two reverends took shelter in an abandoned house, they experienced horrific noises...and an even worse smell. After fleeing in fear, a brave (reckless?) neighbor decided to investigate. Personally, I think what he found was worse than a ghost! Here's a transcription of the article from The Weston Democrat, dated June 27, 1870:

A correspondent of the Kanawha Journal relates the following: 

A few days after a Sunday snowstorm, during the past winter, the Rev. Daniel Schoonover and the Rev. George Arbegast, were ascending Elk River in one of those celebrated packets familiarly known as "canoes." Late in the afternoon they cast anchor at the mouth of Peter's Creek, in Clay County, where they took immediate possession of an unoccupied house, known as the "Whaggy House." The evening being quite cool, they provided an abundance of fuel, started a roaring fire, and began to prepare supper and congratulate each other with the comfort they were about to enjoy, when lo! an unearthly sound grated discordantly on their ears; supposing the noise in the rear of the chimney to be only a resident varmint, they mustered their limited courage, sallied forth to discover if possible, from whence the frightful sounds proceeded; arriving at the rear of the chimney aforesaid, pausing for a moment to suppress, if possible, the audible working of their hearts, they heard the same unnatural sounds in the house. They hastily returned; when a horrible stench presented itself to their olfactory nerves, which one averred smelled like an old barrel of sour kraut, and the other said was sulphur, so hastily seizing their cooking utensils they immediately decamped, and boarding their craft and weighing anchor, rowing at the rate of about 40 knots an hour, they soon arrived at Brother Ralph Smyth's where they entered in a very unmilitary style, overcome with fear and great trembling, with eyes dilated to about the size of ordinary dog-wood blossoms. The dismal tale they related about the haunted house and their hairbreadth escape. The news soon spread over the neighborhood, when D. Brown who is celebrated for his reckless daring, heard the news of a haunted house in the neighborhood; he instituted a voyage of discovery, and after carefully examining the premises he found out the cause of all the fright, which he gives us as follows:

The side walls of the fire place having been made of flag stone, there was a cavity between the outside wall, and a flag having previously fallen out, the rats had taken possession, and the aforesaid gentlemen's fire cut off their outside communications, they were literally roasted to death, and their dying groans produced the horrid noise they heard, and their parched tails the infernal smell.

The Weston Democrat
27 June 1870

A Most Unusual Rooster

Jane Lew Town Hall
August 2026

I recently visited the town of Jane Lew, West Virginia. I've been THROUGH Jane Lew numerous times while traveling I-79 between Charleston and Morgantown, but I never really stopped there to look around. On a recent WV road trip, we made a detour just to eat breakfast at the town's Lightburn Family Diner (which was awesome by the way!). You can read more about those adventures at my blog: WV Road Trip Part One.

As I was just doing some reading on the history of the town for that blog post, I stumbled across a most unusual newspaper article. According to the December 19, 1902 edition of the Clarksburg Telegram, a Mr. Bishop of Jane Lew sent a rooster to R.M. Orr of Clarksburg. This wasn't an ordinary rooster, however. This particular rooster had FOUR LEGS. The strange creature initially caused a stir at the local depot, but many believed that the two extra appendages were not real. It was believed they were somehow stuck on, and then camouflaged by the natural feathers. 

I wouldn't be so quick to call B.S. on that too soon. Chickens are sometimes born with extra legs. It's a condition called polymelia and is often caused by incomplete twinning or some type of genetic mutation. Most often, the extra limbs are smaller than usual or malformed in some way. Rarely can the animal move the extra appendages. They tend to just sort of flop around. Luckily, this doesn't seem to affect the animal's life span or quality of life in any significant way.

This story reminds me of another West Virginia chicken with polymelia. In 1923, a THREE LEGGED chicken went missing from Wayne County. That chicken was a Plymouth Rock breed and while only a couple of months old, was quite the topic of conversation around town. I never did find out what happened to that bird...

Wayne County's Weird Chicken Blog

Clarksburg Telegram
19 December 1902

The Weird History of the Pringle Tree

Pringle Tree August 2026

At the confluence of the Buckhannon River and Turkey Run sits a small park out in the middle of nowhere. Well, it seems like the middle of nowhere, but its only minutes away from Buckhannon, WV and is a neatly maintained boat launch and picnic area with gorgeous views of the Buckhannon River. Established in 1978, the park is now maintained by the Upshur County Commission.

The park is home to a giant American Sycamore tree, said to be the third-generation tree growing from the roots of the original sycamore tree known as the Pringle Tree. 

At the outbreak of the French and Indian War, two brothers, John and Samuel Pringle, volunteered with the colonial militia. The Pringles were from the South Branch of the Potomac River, which would be today's Eastern Panhandle of WV. The two were stationed at Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh, PA) but quickly decided that military life was not to their liking. In 1761, the two deserted, along with Joe Linsey and William Childers. 

Pringle Tree August 2026

Linsey and Childers were captured about a year later, but the Pringles managed to stay off the military radar. For a few years, they joined John Simpson, a hunter and fur trader. However, after an argument, the brothers went off on their own, eventually finding themselves near present-day Buckhannon in 1764.

For THREE YEARS, John and Samuel Pringle lived in the hollow cavity of a giant sycamore tree. Taking shelter in such trees wasn't uncommon for hunters and other travelers, but this was usually seen as only a short-term solution. The Pringles called the sycamore, said to have at least an eight-foot-wide clearance, home for three years, making them the first European settlers in the area. 

But they couldn't stay hidden forever. Eventually, their ammunition ran low and John risked returning home to South Branch for supplies. While there, he learned that the war had been over for some time, and no one was interested in punishing them for deserting. John returned to the sycamore tree to inform Samuel of the good news. Samuel agreed to accompany John back home. 

2nd Generation Pringle Tree
Submitted by Find-a-Grave user: Becky Doan

The area must have called to Samuel, though. By 1769, he and his wife Charity had returned. They brought with them a small group of settlers who established the first permanent European settlement in the area. Samuel and Charity Pringle are buried in Hampton Cemetery in Buckhannon. It appears as if Samuel made up for his earlier desertion charges. His grave is marked by a military headstone, denoting him as 'Captain' Samuel Pringle of the Virginia Militia, serving in the Revolutionary War. 

On my epic West Virginia road trip in August of 2026, we made a stop to visit the Pringle Tree. Google Maps took us right to the small park, but there were a few times as we navigated the narrow country road that we had our doubts that we were on the right track.  The location is absolutely beautiful, and peaceful. There is a parking area, but to reach the Pringle Tree, you have to walk across a small field. 

The grass was well-maintained, and it was a flat, easy walk....until you got closer to the tree. In the photos above, what appears to be hardpacked earth was thick, quicksand-like mud! I trudged through as close as I could but eventually had to throw in the towel and get a few pictures from afar. This area of West Virginia had recently seen some major flooding, so it's not surprising that a patch of field that was once covered in lush green grass was now my biggest elementary school fear come to life. 

What's even weirder...I was about halfway through the mud when I noticed that someone else had attempted to walk through there. Footprints came out of nowhere and disappeared into nowhere! I'm sure there's a logical explanation, but I was exhausted, frustrated, covered in mud, and probably not thinking straight by that point. I wish I had gotten closer, but that just gives me an excuse to go back another day!

Pringle Tree Historical Marker

Sources and Further Reading:

Find-a-Grave Entry for Capt. Samuel Pringle

Pringle Tree Park: West Virginia Explorer

Pringle Tree Park: Clio Article 

West Virginia Road Trip 2026: Part One

Every summer, my family and I like to spend a long weekend exploring all the strange and historic places West Virginia has to offer. Last year, we visited the Cass Scenic Railroad and the Greenbank Observatory, taking about a million little side quests along the way. This year, we decided to spend the weekend in Helvetia, the little Swiss mountain town in Randolph County, and hitting the Rail Explorers Lantern Tour on our way home. 

The weekend didn't go exactly as planned, but we had an awesome time full of even MORE side quests than last year's adventure. Join me for Part 1 of our epic West Virginia road trip!

After a sleepless night, we packed up the car on a Friday morning and left Hurricane pretty early, heading north up I-79. Our first stop was in Jane Lew for some breakfast. Whenever we travel, there's no chain restaurants for us. We like to experience locally owned places that we can't get back home. On this day, our choice was Lightburn's Family Diner. I knew we were in the right place when we walked in and there was a large group of older guys taking up the entire back dining room. 

Lightburn's Family Diner

We were warmly welcomed by staff and quickly served. I ordered the Monte Cristo and home fries. My son ordered the chicken and waffles but substituted pancakes for the waffles. Aaron also had the pancake breakfast. When I tell you those were the best home fries I've ever had, I'm not exaggerating. I don't know if it was the seasoning or the cut or a combination, but they were awesome. My sandwich was delicious, too. Aaron thoroughly enjoyed his meal, and I'm pretty sure my son's breakfast was his favorite part of the trip. I didn't realize he was such a foodie! 

Not only was the food tasty, but the portions were huge. With full bellies--maybe too full--we continued on our journey. Since we were served so quickly, we had a few extra minutes to explore the town of Jane Lew. I'm embarrassed to admit that I had never really been to downtown Jane Lew before, nor did I realize how historic the little town was. I just thought it was a motel and gas station off the interstate. 

Monte Cristo

Jane Lew only covers .25 square miles, but its history goes all the way back to 1835 when U.S. Congressman Lewis Maxwell mapped out the town. However, it wouldn't be incorporated until May 27, 1907. The name is a tribute to Maxwell's mother, Jane Lewis. One of the town's most famous citizens was General Joseph Andrew Jackson Lightburn, who served with the Union during the Civil War and returned to the area afterwards to preach. 

Although there was more to see, we literally only had a few minutes to snap some pictures downtown. I was bummed to see that the local museum, known as the Old Harness Shop, was not open to the public that day. This would be a trend on this trip, but more on that later. Our goal was to make it to Weston by 11 am so that we could purchase our tickets and look around a little before the 12pm Paranormal Daytime Tour at the iconic Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum. 

Jane Lew Town Hall

I had been a little nervous on the short drive between Jane Lew and Weston. That area of the state had recently suffered some major flood damage, and I was concerned that it would affect our tour. Fortunately, the asylum had received minimal damage, which was cleaned up by the time we arrived. It's always a surreal experience to pull into town and see the hospital looming in the distance. It's even wilder to make the drive through the gate, realizing that for many, that same drive meant months or even years of misery. Too many would never make the drive out while alive. And some would never truly leave. 

That's why we were there. I've been on the overnight public investigations. As a family, we've taken the historical daytime tours. This time, we were combining the history with the paranormal for a daytime paranormal tour. I had wanted to take this tour LAST year when we made a quick stop at TALA on our way to Cass, but I was afraid my body couldn't handle it. 

Hydrotherapy

I guess we probably should have looked at the website a little closer, because the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum opened its doors at 11:30am, NOT 11 like we thought. So, we filled out our waivers online, took some outdoor photos, and waited patiently for the doors to open.

The cost of your tour ticket also includes access to the extensive museum on the first floor. Over the years, we have watched these museum exhibits expand to really become an unrivaled resource into the history of mental health. While such a topic will always be controversial when it comes to exploitation vs. education, I truly believe that TALA does a wonderful job. The history of mental illness and its treatments aren't sugar coated. Patients are remembered with dignity. You could spend hours and not truly see all the exhibits. But, we saw a lot of it!

TALA Ward

We browsed the museum for a bit before our tour started. It started right on time and was led by Kaylee, who was an awesome tour guide. She was knowledgeable and personable and a wonderful storyteller. As a paranormal investigator and tour guide, she has had plenty of experiences herself, and noted that activity could happen any time. In fact, there had been plenty of guests on daytime tours that have had experiences.

The tour lasted 90 minutes and covered all four floors. Therefore, we got a sampling of the most famous ghosts of the asylum, but unfortunately, there wasn't a lot of time to really get too in-depth. Still, it was a good introduction. I don't want to give too many spoilers, but we heard the stories about Jane Harvey, Lily, Dean Metheny, Frank and Larry, and others. We walked outside and briefly talked about the infamous grotesques and some of the hauntings associated with the other buildings on the property.

Dean's Room

On some floors, we were given a few extra minutes to roam around on our own, which was an especially nice bonus. We got TONS of pictures (you can find them on my Theresa's Haunted History FB page). On several occasions, I'm pretty sure I saw someone or something shadowy darting in and out of rooms. The best part was that my son was super interested and has requested that I bring him back for an overnight investigation! 

Visiting the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum is always an emotional experience for me. I had one aunt who worked there as a hairdresser. I also had a great-aunt who was a patient multiple times and even received electroshock therapy. Dealing with my own issues with severe depression and anxiety, I realize that if I was born a few decades earlier, I would have likely been a patient there myself. The whole place is more than just a haunted building to me. Obviously, I love the haunted history, but I'm so glad we have this preserved building and a whole team of professionals dedicated to keeping its story alive so that we never make the same mistakes again. 

Stay tuned for Part 2 when I cover the rest of Day 1 of our epic West Virginia Road Trip! 

The Elk River Cuttlefish

Elk River at Addison, WV (Webster Springs)
Source: City Data

Back in 1946, newspapers across West Virginia were eager to run a story about an octopus found in Thomas, WV. Found by a couple of children, at least two of these creatures were uncovered in the Blackwater River, with up to six more being seen swimming through the cold, turbulent waters. But this wasn't the first time a similar marine creature would be found in a West Virginia River.

In 1875, a cuttlefish was allegedly making its home in the Elk River in the Addison/Webster Springs area!

According to an article in the Weston Democrat dated 15 November 1875, two brothers were in their skiff, going down the Elk River. Mr. James Andrew Thorpe (who had recently been suggested to serve as the Sergeant at Arms for the State Senate) and his brother, Zachariah, had just passed an area of the river known as Blue Hole, rumored to be so deep that it was practically bottomless. They were approaching a fish reservoir built by Samuel Given, landlord of the Addison Hotel. 

Suddenly, their attention was drawn to a loud noise and splashing. That's when they saw a horrific creature just tearing it up in the fish reservoir. The creature's body was the size of a barrel. Its eyes were "large, bright, and horrid." It had a horny jaw resembling a hawk's beak. And, it had multiple sucker-covered arms, 8-10 feet in length.

These arms were used to push itself through the water, its head trailing behind. As it noticed the brothers, it grabbed a nearby tree branch and swung itself, Tarzan-style through the air at them. Luckily, James was able to grab an axe and chop off two of the creature's limbs, which plopped down into their boat. 

After rowing to safety, the brothers brought the limbs to P.F. Duffy's store. The idea was to have them taxidermized and sent off with several other local oddities to Philadelphia for the upcoming Centennial celebration. Meanwhile, a few of the townspeople vowed to catch this local devil, and others pondered on the debate as to whether the creature's existence indicated the possibility of subterranean streams and lakes.  As the Addison/Webster Springs area is known for its hot springs and various salt sulfur wells, it wouldn't be too much of a stretch! 

Article: Freshwater Octopus in Thomas, WV

The Weston Democrat
15 November 1875

That Time WV Almost Had a School of Parapsychology

 

Salem College, ca 1912
Source: WV History on View

The former Salem College, located in Harrison County, WV, was chartered in December of 1888 and began its first term in April of 1889. For 70+ years, it was a small, local school offering a liberal arts education and training for future teachers. However, in the 1960's the school saw a huge expansion in both physical space and program offerings, marking the beginning of the modern-day Salem University as we currently know it. 

Part of this 1960's expansion included the development of a new Department of Psychology. Lucien Sansouci, a graduate of the University of Paris, was hired as department chairman, despite already being in his 70s at the time. As part of the new curriculum, Sansouci off-handedly suggested to the Dean that they include a parapsychology course.

Parapsychology, defined loosely as "the branch of psychology that deals with the investigation of psychic phenomena," had been studied in some form since the 1800's, but had only begun to be taken seriously as an academic discipline a decade earlier at Duke University. Sansouci, while maintain an open mind, was interested in the subject after having met researcher Karl Young in 1953, yet skeptical. He noted that many major European universities also offered courses in parapsychology. Yet, when he suggested it to the Dean, he didn't really believe he'd get the green light. 

Miraculously, the Dean agreed to the suggestion, and in 1969, the first parapsychology course in West Virginia was taught at Salem College. By 1970, Sansouci was teaching a daytime course on the college campus in addition to an adult education evening class in nearby Clarksburg. The night class alone drew anywhere from 50-60 participants, as it became apparent that there was a real interest in the subject.

Parapsychology would continue to be taught under the guidance of Lucien Sansouci for three years. Sansouci also lectured on the subject. In one incident that made local newspapers, Sansouci had given a lecture in Charleston about witchcraft and demonology. As part of his talk, he challenged any practitioners out there to hex him. One such person came forward and claimed that Sansouci would die at the ninth stroke of midnight, on September 4, 1971. Students and other onlookers crowded the lawns and windowsills around Sansouci's abode, but as the designated hour came and went, Sansouci remained alive and well. 

However, later that same fall, Sansouci retired from the Psychology Department at Salem and moved to Parkersburg, WV. Over the past three years, his interest in parapsychology continued to grow, and he intended to open up his own school dedicated solely to the subject. But by Spring of 1973, Sansouci was ready to throw in the towel and move to Boston. 

His idea of opening up a school of parapsychology was not well received. Despite his attempts at community outreach (he offered free marriage counseling to the community) and debating with local churches, he was still denounced publicly by those who claimed he was trying to start a cult. He even hired a young man to help him recruit students for his new school, but the man's wife alerted her church officials who claimed that the family would be persecuted by demons should he follow-up with such employment. The school was never opened, obviously, and West Virginia lost out on the chance of becoming a leader in parapsychology research. 

As someone who dreamed of becoming a parapsychologist from an early age, learning about what could have been, right here so close to home, is really depressing! I also wonder why the people of Harrison County seemed more open-minded than the people of Parkersburg, a city well-known for embracing its haunted history. Was it because parapsychology taught within the confines of a small school's accredited Psychology department was different somehow than a school dedicated solely to that one subject? 

Side Note: I cannot confirm with 100% accuracy that this is him, but when I was trying to find a follow-up on what happened with Lucien Sansouci, I found a Find-a-Grave listing that had some crazy newspaper articles attached. The dates match up (if this is him, he died in 1987 at the age of 90) and mention he was a reporter for a French language publication (which makes sense as his degree was from the University of Paris). Anyway, the articles claim that in 1924, Sansouci was caught spying on a meeting of the Ku Klux Klan in Rhode Island. They kidnapped him, beat him, and branded him on the arm and forehead with a 'K.' Here's the link; I'll let you decide if it's the same person or not:  Find-a-Grave for Lucien Sansouci

22 September 1970
The Raleigh Register

08 September 1971
The Raleigh Register

03 April 1973
The Weirton Daily Times

The Death of Cecil Hellems: A WV Penitentiary Story

 

Tombstone of Cecil Hellems at Mt. Baptist Church
Photo by Find-a-Grave Contributor, Jean Stewart
Source

It's been a while since I've posted a non-paranormal story from the former West Virginia State Penitentiary in Moundsville. While the prison is obviously known for its haunted reputation, I like to explore the normal, everyday operations of the prison, and the lives of those who called it home. Unfortunately, death was a major part of life in the old prison. Men were murdered or died from disease. Some took their own lives. It's important to document these stories, no matter how tragic, before they are lost to history. 

Cecil H. Hellems was born on February 28, 1938, to parents Kenneth and Idella in Quinwood, WV. This would be where he would make his home the majority of his life, even attending services at the Baptist Church. Regrettably, Cecil couldn't stay out of trouble. 

In 1962, Cecil, his brother Lorren/Loren, and a third man were indicted in Greenbrier County for felony larceny in the amount of $190 from the property of Harry Woolridge and Gilmer White. He was again indicted in 1967 for forgery. It is unclear if it was this incident or a separate charge that led him to being sentenced to 1-10 years in the state penitentiary the following year for passing forged checks in Nicholas County. Either way, on November 25, 1968, Cecil became an official resident of Moundsville.

Less than two years later, tragedy struck.  During roll call on April 21, 1970, Cecil was found in his cell by guards at 6:45 am, deceased. He had allegedly strangled himself with strips of bed linen. No note was left behind, and no clues were ever given as to why he'd want to take his own life. However, no autopsy was performed, and suicide was listed as the official cause of death. 

Apparently, there had been no less than five violent deaths within the past 18 months at the penitentiary, and Cecil's death followed just weeks after the murder of another inmate, David Painter. The warden was quick to dismiss any theories that the deaths were related in any way. The two were housed in separate units in the prison and should have had minimal to no contact or connections that anyone was aware of.

Cecil's family claimed his body, and he was taken home to be buried in Mt. Baptist Church Cemetery in Carl, WV. Rev. Pearly Orrdorff presided over the funeral services. Cecil was just 32 years old. Sentenced for a non-violent offense, he met his end at one of the most violent prisons in the country. Hopefully, his soul is at peace.

*MORE WV STATE PEN ARTICLES HERE*

Death Certificate of Cecil H. Hellems
Source: WV State Archives Vital Statistics

22 April 1970
The Dominion News (Morgantown, WV)

23 April 1970
Beckley Post-Herald

Ohio River Mud Mermaids

One visual interpretation of the Mud Mermaids.
Why is he so jacked?

Back in 2021, I came across an article about a potential MERMAID spotted near Clarksburg, WV. Something was splashing around the river there, and the article notes that it could have been a sea serpent, a mermaid, or even a ghost...but was probably a skinny-dipping milkmaid taking a swim under the cover of darkness. Although this particular incident probably wasn't a very reliable sighting of an actual undiscovered creature, the idea of inland mermaids existing within Appalachia was intriguing.  However, I didn't really continue the search until June of 2025. That was when I published a blog post about Naomi Johnson of Evansville, Indiana being grabbed by a green-clawed monster while swimming in the Ohio River. That incident led me down a rabbit hole of Ohio River weirdness, which included learning about the Mud Mermaids. 

According to some sources, the Mud Mermaids first made an appearance in a 1839 Pennsylvania newspaper. Unfortunately, as of this writing, I couldn't find the article in question. The main source of information about these creatures comes from a 1894 article that was reprinted over and over again in newspapers across the nation for at least the next TWO YEARS. This article was about a pair of mud mermaids that had made their home along the Ohio River in the Vevay, Indiana area. 

Originally appearing in the Cincinnati Enquirer, the article explains that for at least four years, a pair of amphibious humanoids lived on a sandbar in the Ohio River. The sandbar was full of 'snags,' or logs and stumps placed there by snag boats trying to keep the channel clear. When the water was high enough to cover these snags is when the two creatures, presumably male and female, were said to frolic in the area. When the water was low, evidence of their carnivorous diet became apparent, as the sandbar was littered with mussel shells and the bones of fish and other small animals. They, on the other hand, retreated into an unknown lair elsewhere. 

The first sighting of the Vevay Mud Mermaids is cited as being around 1890 when a fisherman who had no idea what a mermaid was gave a description of what he saw that to others, sounded pretty much like a mermaid. It wasn't until the following year that we get the best description of the creatures. 

William Henry Johnson
Displayed by P.T. Barnum as Zip the Pinhead

Captain J.M. Ozier of Covington, KY was in charge of a traveling art exhibit and was in town to set up a showing. He heard of the mud mermaids and was determined to catch a glimpse for himself. He was granted his wish when he was able to observe the male from about 20 feet away. He sat on the bank of the river and managed to sketch the creature's features.

The merman was about 5 feet long and weighed approximately 150 pounds. He was yellowish in color, and had coarse, straggly chestnut-colored hair down his back, but his head was bald. He had four 'legs,' with the upper extremities resembling human arms, ending in claws. It didn't have a tail like what we'd normally associate with a mermaid---between its back legs it had a tapering point, almost like an alligator tail. 

Despite being bald with pointed ears like a dog, the head was said to be the most human-like feature. The timid creature is described as having no intelligence within its facial features, and the article in question even goes on to compare it to Zip, a popular 'freak' in P.T. Barnum's sideshow. Zip was an African-American man who suffered from microcephaly (commonly referred to as a pinhead during that time) who was dressed up in a fur suit and exhibited as a missing link. 

As a sidenote to these sightings, I was reminded of an article I came across when I was researching the Naomi Johnson incident. I found a newspaper article from 1903 describing a terrifying near-abduction. The family of Frank Sedler was camping along the Kentucky side of the Ohio River across from Lawrenceburg, Indiana. In the night, Frank heard screaming coming from his children's tent. He jumped up in time to see a half-human, half beast clutching his one-year old and making its way to the river. His shouting startled the creature, who luckily dropped the child before jumping into the river and swimming away. Sedler gave the opinion that it was a baboon that had escaped from a riverboat. Lawrenceburg is about 227 miles away from Vevay, and this incident happened 9 years after the infamous newspaper article brought the attention of the mud mermaids to a national audience. Still, I can't help but notice a few similarities. Anyway...

Are the Vevay Mud Mermaids a missing link in their own right, or are they the victims of mistaken identity? Or, was the whole thing just a story?

Sources and Further Reading:

The Mysterious Mud Mermaids of Vevay: Indiana's Hidden Cryptids (YouTube/Uncle Perry)

Talking With Shadows Episode 106: Indiana Mud Mermaid (YouTube/One Candle Society)

The Courier-Journal
24 July 1903

21 November 1894
The Bucyrus Evening Telegraph

The Ohio River Octo-Man

Monster Hunters!
14 February 1959
The Cincinnati Enquirer

I think we've well established that the Ohio River is one weird waterway. From the Parkersburg Sea Serpent of 1893 to the Evansville Green-Clawed Monster of 1955 (and so, so many other incidents), there doesn't seem to be a stretch of the river that doesn't have some type of strange story associated with it. In January of 1959, it was the greater Cincinnati region's turn to experience some aquatic high strangeness.

But it wasn't just the Ohio River. Cincinnati is where the Ohio, the Little Miami, and the Licking River all come together, essentially making it an ideal spot for someone...or someTHING...to travel great distances, mostly undetected. Except in this case, the Octo-Man WAS detected. 

The calls began flooding local police stations in the early hours of Friday, January 30th. The first was from a man four miles outside of the town of New Richmond. This unnamed gentleman called the police to report something indescribable emerging out of the Ohio River. The police did nothing. 

However, when a truck driver en route to Indianapolis called in a short time later saying that HE had also seen something, the reports were taken seriously. The truck driver, calling from a Kellog service station near the Little Miami claims that he was on Ohio 125 when he also saw something climb out of the river that was indescribable and unlike anything he had ever seen before. Police sent out several cars who searched in vain throughout the early morning hours. 

Reports continued to come in to multiple agencies throughout Friday morning. A "scientist working on things out of this world" allegedly saw the creature and gave us the first real description of the previously indescribable monster. He claims that as he was driving across the Licking River, the beast leaped onto the bridge. It was bipedal and large---two or three times the size of a human in its bulk, standing higher than his automobile. He notes it definitely wasn't a cat or dog. 

A further description came from a young lady who had her own encounter with the creature near the Ft. Thomas pumping station. She saw the creature emerge in and out of a creek leading into the Ohio River. In her words, it was 'like an octopus.' Thus, the moniker of the Ohio River Octo-Man was born. 

Although newspaper articles of the time didn't elaborate on this particular sighting, additional details would surface in 1978 when Dennis Pilchis, a ufologist and Bigfoot researcher, published a booklet called Bigfoot: Tales of Unexplained Creatures. The booklet goes on to say that the young woman witness actually saw the creature bent over. She said it was grayish in color, had a lopsided chest, ugly tentacles, and rolls of fat running horizontally over its bald head. 

That sounds absolutely hideous! I'm not sure what that could be, but it certainly doesn't sound like the 'official' explanation given by officials at the time. 

So, while all these reports were coming in during the wee hours of Friday morning, there was another unsettling piece to the puzzle. All the streetlights along Kellog Avenue between Coney Island and Lunken Airport went out. With the streetlights being out and reports of a strange creature being reported multiple times, the first working theory was that a vehicle had crashed along Kellog Avenue, taking out a power pole and ending up in or around the water, with the driver and/or passenger emerging from the wreck covered in mud. But, after patrol cars spent several hours in the area, finding nothing, another theory was presented. 

During this time, the Cincinnati area was receiving wind gusts of up to 40 mph. Cincinnati Gas and Electric Company reported that the strong winds blew a connection on a feeder circuit, causing the lights to go out. Further, swaying trees and logs bobbing down the churning river, all framed by the uncanny darkness led to the belief that one was seeing something...indescribable. 

Whatever the Octo-Man was or wasn't, he had apparently moved on. Reports waned and by Saturday, there were no longer any reports of a bipedal, tentacled monster roaming the Cincinnati region. 

Sources and Further Reading:

Indescribable Octo-Man, by Rob Morphy. Published 07 February 2015. Cryptopia

31 January 1959
The Cincinnati Enquirer

31 January 1959
The Cincinnati Post

30 January 1959
The Cincinnati Post

A Haunting on Wolf Creek

Whitlock Farmhouse
Source: WV Explorer

Just outside Fayetteville (WV) sits the old Whitlock Farm. It's bordered by Rt. 16 and Wolf Creek Road, the latter being a road that parallels the actual Wolf Creek. Wolf Creek is a tributary to the New River, offering several beautiful small falls along its path...as well as a history steeped in local lore. 

Throughout the 1800s, much of West Virginia was inhabited by wolves. Our mountains and rural terrain made the perfect home for these creatures, even when neighboring states were quickly eliminating their presence. As beautiful and majestic as we may see wolves today, during the 1800s they not only were a danger to humans traveling these hills and valleys alone, but they were a menace to local farmers. A lone wolf could ruin a small farm by picking off its livestock, one by one. 

Officially, the last wild wolf in West Virginia was killed in 1897 in Webster County. But that doesn't mean the spirit of these animals ever left.  Wolf Creek was so named for the abundance of living wolves in the area at one time, but now it has become associated with one ghost wolf.  People in the area tell stories of a misty white form that prowls the fields of Whitlock farm, often around the pond area. More often, the wolf flits in front of cars passing the bend in front of the old Whitlock farmhouse. 

Arrow pointing the assumed location
of the White Wolf sighting

A personal experience involving the ghostly white wolf was submitted and published to the WV Ghosts website by Brenda Calfee on July 12, 2019. About 25 years prior, Brenda and her boyfriend were driving home from a party and decided to pull off the road at a bend in front of the farmhouse for some alone time. Brenda admits that at the time, even though she was familiar with the stories of the white wolf, she was more worried about the potential of seeing a ghostly figure staring out the window of the farmhouse. 

The farmhouse ghost didn't show that night, but the white wolf did. 

The couple sat in the car with the headlights off. In the pitch dark, Brenda noticed a white form slowly circling the car, and movement in the nearby tall grass. At first, she thought it was an illusion, caused by the dark, and further, her boyfriend hadn't seen anything. However, after telling him to be quiet and listen for a minute, an unearthly howl was heard, and the creature was directly in front of Brenda's door! She could see its eyes looking at them but was paralyzed in fear. 

Her boyfriend managed to come to his senses, start the car, and scream out of the area. They didn't stop until they were a mile away. 

But why would a ghost haunt a farm? It's possible that the animal was killed by a farmer, as so many other wolves were, and its spirit is somehow trapped in the area where it took its last breath. It may be a guardian spirit of some sort, watching over the old farm, or even the general Wolf Creek area as a reminder of man's impact on nature. Wolves once ruled the area before settlers encroached upon their land, slaughtering them by the hundreds. Or maybe...it really is just a trick of the eye. I'll let you decide!

In 2016, the abandoned farm property was purchased and is now the home of New Roots Community Farm. No word yet on if the ghost(s) has been seen in recent years. If you have any additional stories or information, I'd love to hear them. 

Sources and Further Reading:

The White Wolf of Whitlock Farm, by Brenda Calfee (WVGhosts.com)

Ben Gustafson and Danille Elise Christensen. "New Roots Community Farm." Clio: Your Guide to History. December 10, 2022. Accessed August 1, 2026. https://theclio.com/entry/159657